Toddlers are experts at gathering information by using their bodies. They might pull on a string attached to a toy that is out of reach, or push a toy with a stick to make it move. This early object permanence, coupled with developing memory, helps babies use "tools" to problem solve. Toward the end of the first year, babies begin to realize that people and things mostly stay the same, and continue to exist, even when out of sight. He is beginning to understand the concept of cause and effect. The pleasurable sensation of kicking is now combined with the excitement of realizing that he can make good things happen. Daniel wiggles with joy as he repeats his successful movement. What was that sound? He kicks again and again, and the rattle sounds. By chance, he kicks a nearby rattle, which makes an interesting sound. Six-month-old Daniel smiles with glee as he thrusts his legs outward. It's as though he is saying, "Wow, it sure feels good to kick my legs!"ĭuring infancy, these random movements become more purposeful. His movements become pleasurable sensory experimentations.
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Gradually, reflexes fade and muscle control develops from the trunk outward. If a newborn is held upright on a table, for instance, he will make stepping motions. She senses that problems can be solved.īabies are born with reflexes: nature's problem solvers. She develops positive feelings about herself, her teachers, and her ability to make good things happen.
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Your well-timed response instills feelings of trust. "What's wrong, Kayla? Are you bored? Hungry? Need a diaper change?" Kayla has called for help with her discomfort. Eventually she starts to fuss, so her teacher gently picks her up. Baby Kayla's eyes sparkle as she tracks the gentle swing of a mobile.